Folsom Museum Article
In the 1890s Mora Valley boasted nearly twenty thousand acres of farmland and seventeen gristmills. Farmers grew wheat, alfalfa, oats, corn, rye, barley, clover and millet. Rose Cassidy wrote, "Such wheat in abundance everywhere, surely nature has done her duty."
Joseph J. Fuss, a local prominent merchant and rancher in the Mora area opened the Cleveland mill in the early1900s. The machines, gears, and other equipment were brought to Las Vegas, New Mexico by train and then transported by wagon to Cleveland. This was the last mill to be built in the Mora Valley and is originally one of Northern New Mexico's largest flour mills. The mill incorporated the “roller mill" process of milling, using metal rollers to grind the flour in place of the earlier stone rollers.
Joseph Fuss sold the mill in 1913 to Daniel Cassidy Sr. Cassidy Sr. put Frank Trambley and Milnor Rudolph in charge of the milling operations. Up until 1916 the mill was powered by a water wheel using water from the nearby river. It was later converted with a boiler that generated steam to power the mill. The boiler proved to be dangerous when in 1919 a worker by the name of David Allen was killed instantly when it exploded. The explosion could be heard throughout the Mora Valley.
The same year as the deadly explosion Cassidy Sr. sold the business to his son, Dan Cassidy Jr. Dan Junior took over operations of the mill and proved to be a successful miller. His son, Dan lll remembered his father once shipped "1000 wagon loads of wheat from Las Vegas." In 1925 a book mentions the following about Dan Jr. and his milling operation, "The capacity of the flour and grist mill is fifty barrels, and it is proved a valuable property with substantial patronage under Mr. Cassidy's able business management."
Once Dan Jr.'s sons graduated from high school they began working with their father full-time at the mill. It was a taxing business for the family. "The working schedule for the flour mills in the Mora Valley consisted of a twenty four hour day from late September until early January. During the remainder of the year, it was operated from ten to twelve hours, depending upon the work load. “Sometimes it would operate twenty four hours. Throughout the whole year." It is estimated that the mill would grind between one and two million pounds of wheat per year.
The milling business operated under a foll system, and the Cassidy family kept twenty percent of the milled flour as payment? The figure however was negotiable.
Around 1935, "agriculture began to decline and the effects of the depression to be felt by the farmer. For flour mills in the area, the 1930-38 period was bleak. Not only did the agriculture begin to recede with the movement of people off the land, but other flour mills as far away as Minneapolis began to flood the market with flour. Essentially, their low grade flour products were the same, but the smaller mills were not able to compete in quantity."
In the late 1940s, the mill ceased operations because very little or no wheat was being grown in the area. Dan Cassidy Jr. was no longer able to run the gristmill.
In 1970 Dan Cassidy III (Jr. son) began restoration of the mill but failing health prevented him from finishing the project. After his deaths in 1970 his son, Dan Cassidy IV took over the restoration project. Dan IV eventually obtained the funds needed to complete the project through the New Mexico State Historic Preservation Division and the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties.
After decades of diligent work the Cleveland Roller Mill Museum opened its doors in 1991.
Source: (tracing a legacy the history of the Cassidy and Doherty family from Ireland to the American West) by Susan Doherty, Osteen and Ann Cassidy Kaiser.